It is difficult to know where to begin since the traditions of the Templers have existed at least since Egyptian times, possibly earlier, and still exist today. So I will try to keep it simple and start during the Crusades in Europe between 1095 and 1291. The Crusades originally had the goal of recapturing Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslim rule and were launched in response to a call from the Christian Byzantine Empire for help against the expansion of the Muslims.
The immediate cause of the First Crusade was the appeal by Byzantine emperor Alexios I to Pope Urban II for mercenaries to help him resist Muslim advances into territory of the Byzantine Empire. The Crusades had far-reaching political, economic, and social impacts, some of which have lasted into contemporary times. Because of internal conflicts among Christian kingdoms and political powers, some of the crusade expeditions were diverted from their original aim, such as the Fourth Crusade, which resulted in the sack of Christian Constantinople and the partition of the Byzantine Empire between Venice and the Crusaders. The Sixth Crusade was the first crusade to set sail without the official blessing of the Pope. The Seventh, Eighth and Ninth Crusades resulted in Mamluk and Hafsid victories, as the Ninth Crusade marked the end of the Crusades in the Middle East.
The Muslim presence in the Holy Land began with the initial Arab conquest of Palestine in the 7th century. The Muslim armies' successes put increasing pressure on the Eastern Orthodox Byzantine Empire. The Crusades were, in part, an outlet for an intense religious piety which rose up in the late 11th century among the lay public. A crusader would, after pronouncing a solemn vow, receive a cross from the hands of the pope or his legates, and was thenceforth considered a "soldier of the Church". The result was an awakening of intense Christian piety and public interest in religious affairs, and was further strengthened by religious propaganda, which advocated a Just War in order to retake the Holy Land from the Muslims.
The Knights Templar or the Order of the Temple, were among the most famous of the Western Christian military orders. The organization existed for approximately two centuries in the Middle Ages. Officially endorsed by the Roman Catholic Church around 1129, the Order became a favoured charity throughout Christendom, and grew rapidly in membership and power. Templar knights, in their distinctive white mantles with a red cross, were among the most skilled fighting units of the Crusades. During this time pilgrams to the holy land were being robbed by the bandits of the day. The Templers saw an opportunity and begin what developed into our current banking system. The Templers would accept deposits of gold in Europe and give the pilgrams a receipt that they could cash when they arrived in the Holy Land. Non-combatant members of the Order thereby built and managed a large economic infrastructure throughout Christendom.
As European support for the Crusades dwindled, other forces were at work which sought to disband the Order and claim the wealth of the Templars as their own.
James of Molay (French: Jacques de Molay) (c. 1240/1250 – March 1314) was the 23rd and last Grand Master of the Knights Templar, leading the Order from April 20, 1292 until the Order was dissolved by order of Pope Clement V in 1312. Jaques de Moley was the last Grand Master, and is the best known Templar, along with the Order's founder and first Grand Master, Hugues de Payens (1070-1136). Jacques de Molay's goal as Grand Master was to reform the Order, and adjust it to the situation in the Holy Land during the waning days of the Crusades. King Philip IV of France, deeply in debt to the Templars, convinced the Pope to have Molay and many other French Templars arrested in 1307 and tortured into making false confessions. When Molay later retracted his confession, Philip had him burned at the stake on an island in the Seine river in Paris, on March 1314. The sudden end of both the centuries-old order of Templars, and the dramatic execution of its last leader, turned Jacques de Molay into a legendary figure. The fraternal order of Freemasonry, which came to prominence in the 1700s, drew upon the Templar mystique for its own rituals. Today there are many modern organizations which draw their inspiration from the memory of Jacques de Molay and the Templers.
With the Templer Order in disarray the remaining members, allegedly, collected the immense wealth that the Templers had amassed and boarded ships in France for a trip to Scotland. There is a reason for them picking Scotland but that is another long story. Let's just say they had friends in Scotland. According to history the Templers friends in Scotland had long known of the continent across the sea known as Vineland (North America). Supposedly in 1398 the Templers boarded ships to the new world to escape persecution in Europe.
Down through time there has been a heated controversy over whether the Vikings and the Templers ever reached North America, particularly the United States. ( These stories are covered in my upcoming book. I'm looking for a publisher if you are interested.) It is my hope that this presentation will put that contoversy to rest. The first step would be to prove that the Newport Tower in Rhode Island really has a secret. The second step would be to verify, beyond anyones skepticism, that the secret is valid.
Templer Beliefs
Before we can explore the depths of Templer accomplishments it is important to understand a few of their beliefs and appreciate the knowledge they posessed. Much of their wisdom was no doubt handed down from the Egyptians. Great knowledge was required of their predecessors as the builders of the pyramids and temples. In order to protect themselves and their valuable knowledge they resorted to secret societies that have existed down through time to this very day. The reason that their secrets have never been discovered is that they seldom record them. Secrets are memorized and are known by only the highest of secret society members.
The Templers were experts at Geometry and numbers. They enjoyed, and excelled at, putting together numeric and geological puzzels that we are just today deciphering. The Templers were also very spiritual. However, when the Roman Emporor Constentine instituted the Roman version of Christianity, 300 years after Christianity was founded, the Templers, who by their beliefs must have been Gnostics, now had two reasons to remain hidden. The Gnostic Christians, who believed that Mary was also a Diety, had to go underground or be persecuted by Rome for their beliefs. Gnostic Christianity can be studied by examining the Codex buried by the Gnostics in Egypt. One of the more important is the "Codex Nag Hammadi" which can be accessed at http://www.nag-hammadi.com. The Gnostics belief that Jesus was the son of God, and that Mary had an Imaculate Conception, lead them to the logical conclusion that Mary was the earthly embodyment of God, just as Jesus was the earthly embodyment of the Son of God. (The third side of the Trinity, hence to symbolic triangle.)
Up to the time of the Virgin Mary Isis had been the universal personification of motherhood and fertility. Isis reputation as the mother of the world gave her the reputation as "The Woman of 10,000 names". The Roman numeral for 10,000 is an X with a line over it. However, displaying such a symbol in the Middle Ages would have been very dangerous. It is this writers opinion that the X with a line over it was abbreviated as an X with a short line on the top right hand leg so that Templers could show their faith without detection. Even today any group associated with the name Isis usually incorporates the number 10000 into their identity in one way or another. To demonstrate how important the X was to the Templers notice the angles and numbers that appear in the messages the Templers left behind. It will become obvious as you read on that the X (10), XX (20) and XXX (30) are sacred to the Templers, most likely for the reasons discussed above. They will incorporate the numbers 10, 20 and 30 into their puzzles in any way they can.
Historicly, one of the causes of the downfall of the Templers was that they were accused by the Catholic Church of worshiping a woman. During its formation the Catholic Church adopted many Gnostic symbols in order to entice earlier Christians to convert to Catholicism. Giving a woman any status above motherhood was not one of them. The depictions of Isis and Mary below demonstrate that there may have been some validity to the Templers belief that Mary was the earthly personification of God and the mother of all things good.
.............
Isis ...................................................The Virgin Mary
Isis was a goddess in Ancient Egyptian religious beliefs, whose worship spread throughout the Greco-Roman world. She was worshiped as the ideal mother and wife as well as the patron of nature and magic. She was the friend of slaves, sinners, artisans, the downtrodden, as well as listening to the prayers of the wealthy, maidens, aristocrats and rulers. Isis is the Goddess of motherhood, and fertility. Isis was venerated first in Egypt, then in the entire Eastern Mediterranean and in Italy.
The Roman writer, Apuleius, in his "Transformations of Lucius" in the first century B.C, gives an understanding of Isis as the Queen of Heaven . The following paragraph is particularly significant.
"You see me here, Lucius, in answer to your prayer. I am nature, the universal Mother, mistress of all the elements, primordial child of time, sovereign of all things spiritual, queen of the dead, queen also of the immortals, the single manifestation of all gods and goddesses that are, my nod governs the shining heights of Heavens, the wholesome sea breezes. Though I am worshipped in many aspects, known by countless names. . . some know me as Juno, some as Bellona . . . the Egyptians who excel in ancient learning and worship call me by my true name...Queen Isis."
Portions of the preceeding information was obtained from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Solving the Secret of the Tower
The Process:
I stumbled upon the Newport Tower while doing research for my book. The Newpoert Tower is located in Newport Rhode Island and has been the subject of contriversy for hundreds of years. The controversy is between those who believe that the tower was built by Templers and those that believe it was built by early Colonists. Actually they are both right. The tower was built by Templers who were the early colonists. Based on the research of previous interested persons it seemed to me that the Tower was genuine. Being one to enjoy a good mystery I decided to do research on information that had been published thus far. It was then that I remembered something I had come across long ago in my previous research. I had almost forgotten it and still don't know where I read it. It went: "The (Templer) treasure is buried under a giant triangle. A triangle so big that only God can see it, so that he will always know where his treasure is." With that in mind I decided to see if this information could be applied to the Newport Tower.
It is known that the Templers like to orientate their work to the east. However, I discovered that the Newport Tower is slightly off of due East at 093 degrees. Knowing that the Templers never give clues without a reason I decided this was a good starting point. I then read that many people were confused as to why the Newport Tower had eight legs, instead of six like similar structures in Europe. Once again I took thas as a clue. I decided to assume that the eight legs represented 80 degrees. I applied, added, subtracted, and configured the 80 degrees with the 93 degrees until one pointed in a direction I felt had heavy Templer traffic, the Saint Lawrence Seaway.
Subtracting 80 degrees from 93 degrees left 13 degrees. If I was correct I now had two sides to a triangle. But how long were the sides? I laid out the 13 degree bearing on a map to see if I could find a clue to a stopping point. After some searching I found a small island on the Saint Lawrence Seaway through which the 13 degree line passed. The name of the island is "La Haute-Cote-Nord". I was excited, La Haute-Cote-Nord is French for "High Dimension North" which I interpreted as "The North End of the 13 Degree Dimension". If I was correct this gave me the length of the eastern side of the triangle. ( I assumed that the triangle would extend to the West rather than East into the Ocean. ) From the air there seems to be a circle carved into the stone as if the rock island were the base for a stone tower that is no longer there.
La Haute-Cote-Nord
Since all triangles have a combined total of 180 degrees comprising their interior angles, I subtracted the assumed angle of 100 degrees (The Southeast vertex) from 180 degrees and was left with 80 degrees, the sum of the other two angles. All I needed was one of the other vertex angles and I would have all the angles, and sides, of the triangle. Investigating further I noticed there were two other places on the Saint Lawrence Seaway with the name La Haute-Cote-Nord. Either someone really liked this name or they were trying to tell me something. I decided to connect the three points together to see what developed. To my suprise a perfect triangle appeared with vertexes of 20, 60 and 100 degrees. I was really excited because 100 degrees was one of the angles that had developed on the Newport Triangle. (I named the new triangle the La Haute Triangle.)
The La Haute Triangle
I could hardly wait to apply the angles of the La Haute Triangle to the Newport Triangle to see where the Western vertex would fall. After plotting out the Newport triangle I found that the Western vertex fell directly over a Minnesota landmark called "Inspiration Peak".
Inspiration Peak
Now that I had a triangle, with known vertex angles, I begin trying to plot the bearings of the sides of the triangle. I almost lost my mind trying to plot the sides using magnetic headings. As you can see by the triangle solution diagram below the magnetic headings are different by 20 degrees from East to West. Being a pilot, it was then that I remembered an anomaly called magnetic deviation. (See the chart below.) Magnetic deviation is the amount of degrees that a compass will be in error over any given distance on the earth. The ancient mariners knew that navigating by compass over a long distance would never get them where they wanted to go. That is why they used celestial navigation which does not present these errors. Celestial navagation is not affected by magnetic deviation. To demonstrate the profound effect that magnetic deviation has on a magnetic course take a look at the diagram labeled "The Newport Triangle" below. You will notice that the east west headings which should be 180 degrees opposite each other are 20 degrees off in either direction. The reason for this is illustrated in the chart below where you can see that Inspiration Peak, from where the radials eminate, has 20 degrees of error illustrated between it and the Newport tower.
Magnetic Deviation Chart
Solving the Mystery of the Kensington Runestone
The Process:
So now I had a triangle that pointed to a landmark. It looked good but it didn't prove a thing. Now that I had a triangle I needed another source to validate the information. I felt that my triangle looked right but I knew that all the skeptics would want proof that this was the proper solution to the Newport mystery. That is when I remembered another mystery that was in close proximity to the western vertex of the Newport triangle, the Kensington Runestone. The Kensington Runestone has been the subject of heated discussion since 1898 when Olof Ohman discovered it 2.5 miles North of Kensington, Minnesota. As you can see, from the picture at the top of the page, the stone bears runeic characters similar to those used by the Vikings and Templers. Below is a translation of the characters on the Kensington Runestone by Dr. Richard Nielsen, an authority in runeic translation and history.
Kensington Translation and Decode
Like most writings by the Templers a translation of their writings can rarely be taken literaly. The Kensington Runestone is no different. However, without having first solved the Newport puzzel the numbers on the Kensington Runestone are meaningless. If my interpretation of the Newport Tower mystery were correct I was hoping that the runestone would somehow validate that fact. It did that in Spades. Let me explain:
1. The originator of the stone stone mentions one days travel to the north. At a human's pace of 2 to 3 MPH that would be approximatly 25 miles North, the approximate distance to Inspiration Peak. This fact was very encouraging. Since the number 8 could translate to 8 degrees North and the 22 to 22 miles, approximatly a days travel to the North, I decided to apply those numbers to see if it came anywhere close to Inspiration Peak, the Western vertex of the Newport Triangle. It did come close, within one mile. That is quite impressive considering that in order to arrive at this point the pointers were over 1200 miles away in one direction and 22 miles away in another direction. But any degree of error in this case, considering the controversy attached, would not be acceptable.
Again, trying to think like a Templer, I begin working with the numbers provided on the runestone to find a solution that would land on the west vertex of the Newport Triangle. I wasn't having much success when I remembered that in the 14th Century the length of a mile was 5000 feet, not the current 5280 feet. That being the case it meant that if 22 were the mileage to the vertex I would have to subtract 22 times 280 which would be 6160 feet. This would make the western vertex of the triangle even further away, the distance from the Runestone location being only 20.83 miles. Then I noticed that the translation had a 2 in it. Could this mean add 2 miles. So I added "10000" feet to the 20.8 miles and came up with 22.72 miles. Precisly the distance to the Western vertex, but I was off by two degrees. Since the runestone interpretation mentioned "...traps by 2..." I took it literally and added 2 to the bearing just as I had to the distance. The number 10 is also the same as the fourth number on the front of the stone. Eureka, it was right on target. The correct bearing from the Kensington Runestone, to the Western Vertex of my triangle, was 10 degrees by 22.72 miles, in todays miles and 24 miles in 14th century miles..
2. Two last two numbers on the front side of the stone are 2 and 10. These correspond exactly with the two Southern most vertex's of the triangle, 20 degrees and 100 degrees.
3. I then moved to the translation on the side of the stone, which almost looks like it was written as an afterthought. The translation contains the numbers 10 and 14. If you remove the 0 from the 10 you have the number one. If you subtract one from the 14 you have 13, the initial bearing from the Newport tower.
4. That leaves the date of 1362. There are five possibilities here:
a) The number 1362 is the year of the writing on the stone.
b) As I stated above the Templers love the numbers X (10) XX (20) and XXX (30). All these numbers appear in the date if you add a zero to the 1,2 and 3. The Northeast vertex of 60 degrees is the only angle not mentioned on the front of the stone. If you add a zero to the 6 you have the last angle of the triangle.
c) The 13 represents the 13 degrees of the bearing of the north/south line at the Southeast vertex of the triangle. That leaves the 6 and the 2 which, if a zero is added to each, represents the angle of the North and West Vertex.
d) Here is the scary one. If you add the 1,3 and 6 in the date you have 10. That leaves the two which can be interpreted as a 20. If you swap the 10 and the 20 you have 2010, the year the puzzle was solved. That also translates to XX-X (2010)
e) And finally number five which is, all of the above. This is the one I choose. Have you ever seen anything that clever?.
I hope this is enough proof that this is the correct solution to the mystery of the the Newport Tower. If you are not convinced, maybe this will do it for you. I found that if you split the eastern vertex of the Newport Triangle in half the true bearing of 083 degrees passes directly through the infamous "Money Pit" at Oak Island Nova Scotia. For the uninitiated, this has long been thought to be the hiding place of the Templer treasure.
Now that the meaning of the Kensington runestone seems apparent the stone validates not only the Newport Tower but the Stone itself. The fact that the Runestone and the Triangle validate one another is typical of Templer calculations. If you solve one puzzle there's a good chance that somewhere there is another puzzle that will validate or invalidate the first puzzle. I guess the Templers didn't want any speculation as to their talents. I now know that the secret of the Kensington Runestone could not be solved until the Newport Tower puzzle was solved.
The Puzzle Completed
The Newport Triangle
The Triangle Map
In Conclusion:
In the final analysis it will be up to each individual to believe or not to believe the preceeding information. Your conclusions will be based on your religious beliefs, bias, experiances, education and political or other agendas. It is not my intention to get you to believe in the genius of the Templers. However, I would ask that you set aside all you have experienced before and look at the facts with an open mind in order to arrive at your own conclusion. There are many things in this world that we do not understand and many things yet to be discovered.